Full analysis of fiber types and applications

This paper introduces the fiber classification under the ITU-T standard in detail, including the main types and characteristics of multimode fiber (MMF) and single-mode fiber (SMF). Multimode fiber covers OM1, OM2 and OM3, which are suitable for short-distance transmission; single-mode fiber includes G.652, G.653, G.654, G.655, G.656 and G.657, which are optimized for different wavelengths and transmission requirements respectively. The article also provides an in-depth analysis of the technical characteristics of each fiber, such as dispersion, attenuation and bending performance, and discusses its typical application scenarios, such as local area network, long-distance transmission and DWDM system. Finally, Chaobei fiber and its application in 10G Ethernet are introduced, providing readers with a comprehensive reference of fiber knowledge.

Overview of fiber types:

According to ITU-T recommendations, optical fibers can be divided into the following categories: G.651, G.652, G.653, G.654, G.655, G.656, and G.657.

Multimode fiber (MMF, Multi Mode Fiber) includes:

• OM1 fiber (62.5/125 micron)

• OM2/OM3 fiber (G.651 fiber), where OM2 is 50/125 microns, and OM3 is a new generation of multimode fiber.

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single mode fiber (SMF, Single Mode Fiber) includes:

• G.652 (Dispersive Non-Displacement Single Mode Fiber)

• G.653 (dispersion-shifted fiber)

• G.654 (Cutoff Wavelength Shifted Fiber)

• G.655 (non-zero dispersion shifted fiber)

• G.656 (Low Slope Non-Zero Dispersion Shift Fiber)

• G.657 (bend resistant fiber)

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Detailed classification description:

G.651: This is a long-wavelength multimode fiber, standard 50/125 micron layer multimode fiber, mainly used in local area networks, suitable for short-distance transmission of 300 to 500 meters, with low cost.

G.652: Conventional single-mode fiber, suitable for 1310nm and 1550nm wavelengths, with zero dispersion at 1310nm, and minimum loss but maximum dispersion at 1550nm. G.652A/B is the basic type, G.652C/D is the low water peak type.

G.653: Dispersion-shifted single-mode fiber with the lowest dispersion and the smallest light loss at 1550nm wavelength.

G.654: Cut-off wavelength-shifted fiber with the lowest attenuation at 1550nm, suitable for long-distance transmission, such as submarine cables.

G.655: Non-zero dispersion-shifted fiber with concentrated dispersion at 1550nm wavelength, reducing nonlinear interference in DWDM systems.

G.656: Low-slope non-zero dispersion-shifted fibers ensure the performance of DWDM systems over a wider wavelength range.

G.657: Bend-resistant fiber, with a small bending radius, suitable for FTTx technology, introduced in 2006, led by Drake Communication Technology.

Super-shellfish fiber: multimode fiber suitable for 10G Ethernet.

Characteristics of G.652.A, G.652.B, G.652.C and G.652.D fiber optic cables

Each fiber type has its own specific application scenarios and advantages, and selecting the right type is essential to ensure the performance of a communication system.